Self Determination in the Elderly free essay sample

The analysts found that the investigations program does in certainty have an effect on the students’ observations. Theme CONTENT This article was distributed on March 15, 2008 in the Journal of Nursing Ethics. The theme examined is in the case of Nursing Student’s impression of the Elderly would change in the wake of being given an Ethics course. The article falls inside the limits of the diary as this is a distribution fixating on Nursing Ethics, which is obviously the subject of the periodical itself. No masthead depiction is appended to the article. STYLE The composition conforms to APA style in its significant angles. Each page of the diary contains a page header; anyway it exchanges with the author’s name and the title of the distribution. All data is refered to effectively utilizing references. The auxiliary contrasts wherein the paper goes astray from APA style is the absence of a Title Page, and variety in designing. We will compose a custom article test on Self Determination in the Elderly or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Rather than the four significant segments being appeared as Title Page, Abstract, Main Body and References, the paper is sorted out as a Research concentrate in the arrangement of Introduction, Background, Aims, research questions and theory, Method, Analysis, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, and References. Presentation The start of this article briefly portrays in two sections the idea of the examination. The presentation fills its need by featuring the significance of patients’ self-assurance as a critical incentive to get a handle on in nursing. The primary passage distinguishes the consistently developing need of medical attendants who comprehend this incentive because of the blast in more seasoned patients. In the subsequent section, the creator brings up the difficult which is the reason for the exploration study: that despite the fact that the requirement for care is expanding, a not exactly ideal impression of working with these more established patients exists with many nursing understudies, and specialists. The journalists further expose the requirement for activity by characterizing this as a moral issue. To take care of the issue and close the presentation, the scholars get this thought of an investigation outfitted to indentify the effect of morals training on the subject of nursing students’ negative mentalities towards gerontology. An express speculation is expressed in the Method area 1. It peruses â€Å"In this investigation, we set a speculation that the substance in nursing studies would positively affect nursing students’ impression of self assurance in older patients in long haul care settings. The root of this theory has not been made express anyway has been connected to investigate proof during past examinations on a similar subject. For instance â€Å"studies have additionally shown that gerontological substance can have a Self-assurance in the old 3 beneficial outcome on understudy nurses’ mentalities towards more seasoned patients. † The spec ulation was effectively gotten from the hypothesis refered to. Technique The strategy is portrayed to such an extent that a replication is beyond the realm of imagination moving along without any more data. The setting is given as â€Å"the nursing morals course offered at the nursing school during the hour of information assortment. The specific area of the school or the name of the course isn't given. In the event that this data is conceded nonetheless, almost certainly, the examination would be replicable. The instrument utilized was an adjusted self-regulated survey that the new specialists would indeed need to contemplate while imitating the investigation. The scientists saw this examination as exact and they themselves will duplicate the investigation to â€Å"investigate further any progressions that can be distinguished in understudy nurses’ origination of the self assurance in more seasoned individuals in Finland†. The subjects were not examined arbitrarily from the populace to which the outcomes will be summed up. The example has three consideration standards; being an understudy nurture, having attempted hypothetical investigations in geriatric nursing, and experiencing a time of clinical preparing in geriatric nursing. Educated assent was acquired by members of this examination study. The respondents were â€Å"informed about the willful and secret nature of the information gathering and analysis†. The plausible predispositions in examining that exist are that the example content is exceptionally slanted on the grounds that 90% of the 120 subjects utilized were ladies. The controls utilized for experimenter impact and hope impacts were that the poll was directed to the member namelessly, they rounded it out all alone, data meetings were sorted out for the understudies by the specialist and understudies were given oral and composed data about the examination. Furthermore, pilot testing didn't demonstrate any motivation to modify the survey. Uncommon factors influencing the subjects that were not part of the experimenter control were member factors, for example, age, ethnic foundation, sex, and involvement with the nursing field. As per examines, â€Å" medical attendants who have past experience working with more established grown-ups have been demonstrated to be exceptionally constructive about their work and constrained understanding, youthful age, and being male were factors for indicating less good emotions towards older individuals. The benchmark groups were suitable. The subjects in the pretest bunch filled in as the benchmark group. They were given the survey, before taking the morals class to perceive what their crude mentalities older patients and self-assurance were. At that point the variable of the morals class was presented and the impact of the free factor the course, on the needy variable-the mentalities of the understudies, was estimated. Three distinct investigations were sorted out. Utilizing the main examination for instance, coming up next is the means by which legitimacy and unwavering quality were set up. This examination was the nursing students’ view of older patients’ ability to Self-assurance in the old 4 exercise their self assurance. Using Cronbach’s alpha, which is an inner consistency measure or dependability, the analysts determined the connection of ability to practice their self-assurance with the accompanying different factors: getting data on their own consideration, to be requested their consent for nursing intercessions, to practice their privilege of refusal during care, and to settle on choices about their own consideration. The general alpha incentive in the pre-trial of the degree to which older patients are happy to practice self assurance was 0. 63 at pre-test and 0. 77 at post-test, with an expansion of 0. 14. 11. This shows a dependable degree of inside consistency, and that the morals workshop expanded this dependability level. To quantify build legitimacy we should think about the ampleness of the operational meaning of factors. The examination has face legitimacy. It is estimating what it should quantify; the observations nursing understudies have towards the old self-assurance level. The exploration shows a prescient legitimacy that is more grounded similarly as nursing student’s information on the self-assurance of their old patients. The examination uncovered that after the course more understudies believed that older patients had great chances to control their treatment, constrained readiness to practice their self-assurance, and even more an observation on whether the old had any knowledge into their own clinical treatment. The numerical qualities are not expressly expressed yet the investigation says â€Å"our results affirm prior discoveries identified with uplifting perspectives towards older patients† 13 (356) The measures are liberated from inclinations in regards to how the poll was set up, each individual allowed the survey got the opportunity to inquire as to whether there was something they didn't comprehend.

The End of Innocence and the Darkness of Mans Heart Essay Example for Free

The End of Innocence and the Darkness of Mans Heart Essay In Lord of the Flies the creator, William Golding, demonstrates his hypothesis on the beginning of malevolence from numerous points of view, a fundamental one being the adjustments in the character Jack. William Goldings hypothesis expresses that human advancement forestalls defilement. Human instinct is malevolent however with the similarity of virtues, oversight, and outcomes great conduct can be created. In his book England is associated with an atomic war and should clear the individuals. A gathering of tuition based school young men who are probably evacuees are dropped from a plane not long before it crashes onto a uninhibited tropical island. The young men are assembled by Ralph, who with Piggy had discovered a conch shell. As different young men assemble onto the stage another gathering of the young men, the ensemble, walks up. They are depicted as something dim or an animal, one of the main indications of shrewdness. The entirety of the young men choose to choose a pioneer and the applicants end up being Ralph and Jack, leader of the ensemble. At the point when the young men pick Ralph, Jack gets chafed and Ralph offers that the ensemble be the trackers. Jack is then observed as the head tracker and an essential ruinous power. Ralph, Jack, and another kid, Simon, head out to study the land and guarantee that it is to be sure an island. The young men have their first encounter with a pig. Jack can't dive his blade into living fragile living creature and bear seeing streaming blood as a result of the no-no of the old life. He is embarrassed and pledges next time he will kill it as he drives his blade into a tree trunk. This is one of the main significant indications of troubleof the abhorrence ahead. Jack is later depicted as a creature, representing the loss of development. His change into insidious starts as the impact of his previous life and the molding wears off. The trackers go out to chase again and gladly come back with meat. Jack comments with satisfaction about how they cut the pigs throat however he jerks as he talks about this accomplishment. Jack has not yet arrived at the purpose of savage deserting. His brain was packed with recollections; recollections of the information that had come to them when they surrounded the battling pig, information that they had outsmarted a living thing,â imposed their will upon it, removed its life like a long fulfilling drink. Another indication of the molding wearing off is when Jack hits another kid, Piggy, breaking his specs, since Piggy went to bat for himself and his convictions. On another chase, Ralph joins the trackers. This chase is fruitless in light of the fact that the pig escapes yet Ralph is pleased that he hit the pig in the nose with a lance. After this disappointment the young men start a reenactment with Robert, a littler kid, going about as the pig. They start the serenade Kill the pig! Cut his throat! Murder the pig! Slam him in! furthermore, a mind-boggling dim want has the young men. This is the last stage before Jacks progress into complete abhorrence. At the point when Jack is infuriated that the young men don't need him as pioneer he goes to the next piece of the sea shore and structures his own clan. He illuminates the clan that they will disregard a purported brute and chase. This chase is a jolting achievement. The young men chased a defenseless sow and as the evening wore on, murky and appalling with sodden warmth; the sow amazed her way in front of them, draining and frantic, and the trackers followed, married to her in desire, energized by the long pursue and the dropped blood. At the point when they slaughter the pig there is no jerk of heart as Jack has completely changed into a detestable kid. While the young men are devouring this pig and praising their triumph Simon is looking for the alleged mammoth. He runs into the pigs head on a stick, a contribution for the mammoth. The head changes into the Lord of the Flies (strict interpretation for Beelzebub, the head of the fiends) and Simon has a nonexistent discussion with it. The Lord of the Flies clarifies that it is a piece of Simon, some portion of the young men, some portion everything being equal. He is the explanation things are what they are. He is the wicked embodiment that is assuming control over Jack and different young men in their evilness. Simon finds that the brute is innocuous and he goes rushing to the young men to share the uplifting news. The young men are beginning their move when Simon runs into the center of the circle and is executed. Simon turns into the enduring casualty of the young men and of Jacks frenzy. The last and climactic loathing is the chase for Ralph. Jack doesn't care for Ralph on the grounds that Ralph doesn't care for Jack so Jack persuades different young men that Ralph is the mammoth in camouflage. Jack had recently disclosed to the young men that Simon was not so much Simon, however the mammoth in camouflage and he had not so much been slaughtered. Now Jack is totally underhanded, as there is no development. In Lord of the Flies Jacks changes into detestable demonstrate Goldings hypothesis about the beginning of insidiousness. As human progress is obliterated, Jack turns out to be increasingly abhorrent. Toward the start of the book one can consider such to be of difficulty as his response the inability to murder the pig. Into the center the molding wearing off is fairly clear, as he gets inclined to murdering. At last, before the end Jack is totally malevolent. It is the finish of honesty and the obscurity of keeps an eye on heart.

Premed and Me (frankly speaking)

Premed and Me (frankly speaking) Before committing to any major choice, I think you have to be ready and willing. As regards me and my decision to be premed, I had few doubts that I was willing. That decision had stayed alive from at least sophomore year of high school. Even with me diving head-first into studying for the MCAT (which demands quite a lot of time), Im still willing. But I didnt want to be the guy who was estimating my position in the class, relative to how other friends were doing on exams and p-sets. I didnt want to be the guy who inquired about GPAs, or put my resume or future application and someone elses on balancing scales. The cynical, numbers and one-upmanship equivalent of the Not necessarily being the fastest guy when a bear is chasing you, but only faster than whoevers in last place kind of deal didnt jibe with me. And I guess it didnt jibe with many other premeds that I know, because that preconceived notion of how my academic life would be like died out within maybe 3 semesters of MIT. It just didnt happen here. Its a curse and a blessing. The blessing part first: Even back in my old high school a public school some of my peers in AP courses rendered decisions on relative competence on the basis of at least 2-5 points on a test or exam, or whoever pulled out ahead, depending on whatever was most convenient. It was something that unfolded right after your graded work landed on the desk in front of you. And it was also unnecessary. Thankfully, Ive never had that feeling here at MIT. Im free to pursue whats academically interesting or challenging, with nothing to answer to beyond my own standards and those of my professors. Its liberating. None of this changes the fact that applications still ask for and value grades, test scores, and extracurricular activities and none apparently more so than med school applications. Herein lies the curse: if youre not comparing your performance to something, how do you know what shape youre in come your application season? More pertinent to what was going on in my mind: is it right to feel like any less of a premed when youre doing X, but someone you know is (probably?) doing 27*X^3496024, and also W, Y, and Z, and still probably (maybe?) getting better grades than you? Its enough to make you feel like maybe, youre out of your depth. Its seldom (if ever) true, but it didnt stop me from momentarily feeling that way. Then I scheduled an appointment with MITs prehealth office. It was something that I had to do to stay on the premed path, but its also something that I was glad that I did. As it turns out, I wasnt doing bad at all; I was on a good trend, actually. And my advisor even had very helpful advice on what to do next, which thankfully didnt sound like Start everything over, because youre gonna need a lot of help to get to where you ought to be. It was more like, Keep it up. Study for the MCAT. And dont forget to shadow doctors and research med schools. I feel a lot more ready for what I want to do as a result. So what might that mean for a future, perhaps hesitant premed that comes to MIT? I know the chief concerns are grades, finding things to do, doing well in them, getting leadership activities, volunteer experience, shadowing physiciansor basically, balancing all that plus the kitchen sink. I wont trivialize the requirements; theyre things I still take seriously. But there are a few, deceptively easy things have been helping so far. I focus on school when I have to, and retire to do fun stuff when I dont and when my brain refuses to get any more work done at a given time, in spite of some deadline coming up, I dont fight the feeling and opt to cut myself some slack. I read textbooks and other books; I try not to fall off the face of the earth; I got a Netflix instant subscription I use to watch some really weird movies as a result. Knowing when to knuckle down and when to kick your feet up is a big help. Most importantly, I found and did the things that interest me. For extracurriculars, thats primarily mental health advocacy with MITs chapter of Active Minds; for classes, it was honestly just whatever looked cool, rather than whatever seemed to fit the bill for an application. I cant stress how vital that is. That bit makes what I do an extension of who I am, which is easier to enjoy and justify to others than things I find to be a chore. Youll want to do your best in what you like, anyway, so the rest kind of falls into place. For what doesnt, theres a really nice prehealth advising office here. Theyll supply the logistics and the deadlines, then do some magical stuff behind the scenes so you dont sweat the details, like making sure your letters of recommendation get done, or getting your personal statement some expert feedback. I havent used them that much yet, as my application process has just started to wind up, but they do offer a ton of very helpful resources, which Hamsika can attest to. So if you want to be a doctor and are thinking of coming to MIT first, youre not setting yourself up to do The Impossible, or even The Inordinately Stressful. (Okay, it still can be very stressful being a student here at times, but the premed track doesnt have to magnify that to a super-unreasonable degree.) Theres a way to hack it here, given the right perspective, and I hope my own thoughts on it have helped you out, if youre on the fence about being premed at MIT.

Their Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay

In the novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, Zora Neale Hurston describes the life of Janie Mae Crawford, a mixed black and white woman living in the South during the early 1900’s. Due to her mixed heritage and her gender, Janie struggles to find her place in society, but she becomes determined to find true love. Throughout the novel, Janie develops relationships, both healthy and toxic, that lead her to achieving her ultimate goal of true love. Hurston uses Jamie’s quest for true love to enlighten the reader on the importance of gender equality, the insignificance of social status, and the vile nature of jealousy. Throughout the novel, Hurston emphasizes the need for gender equality in relationships as Janie undermines the stereotypical gender roles in her society in order to find true love. When she discovers her sexuality, Janie is called to her quest and Nanny takes the role of her mentor. Nanny arranges Janie’s marriage to Logan Killicks because she â€Å"wa nts [her] to have†¦protection† (Hurston 15). Using Nanny’s mentoring, Hurston presents one of many beliefs about gender roles in marriage: the belief that it is necessary for women to marry for â€Å"protection†, and it is the man’s role in the relationship to provide it. When Janie marries Logan, she begins her quest and waits â€Å"for love to begin† (22), however, the marriage proves to be hollow and fails. Hurston proves that in marriage, if the husband’s only role is providing security, true love cannot flourish. In her secondShow MoreRelatedTheir Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston988 Words   |  4 PagesZora Hurston was an African American proto-feminist author who lived during a time when both African Americans and women were not treated equally. Hurston channeled her thirst for women’s dependence from men into her book Their Eyes Were Watching God. One of the many underlying themes in her book is feminism. Z ora Hurston, the author of the book, uses Janie to represent aspects of feminism in her book as well as each relationship Janie had to represent her moving closer towards her independenceRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay1688 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American women to have their own voice and independence has been an ongoing conflict. In Zora Neale Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God Janie struggles a majority of her life discovering her own voice by challenging many traditional roles that are set by society during this time. Hongzhi Wu, the author of â€Å"Mules and Women: Identify and Rebel—Janie’s Identity Quest in ‘Their Eyes Were Watching God,’† recognizes the trend of African American women being suppressed by making a comparison betweenRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay1339 Words   |  6 Pages In â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston, as well as in modern times, there are many struggles surrounding gender, social class, and race. Throughout the entirety of this novel, Hurston describes every aspect of Janie’s life, in an attempt to show how young girls are transformed into women. Hurston did not describe the physical transformation, but instead tackled the much more complicated mental transformation. At the beginning of the novel, the reader is greeted with a seeminglyRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1651 Words   |  7 Pagesgender has had their individual struggles. Zora Neale Hurston portrays this with exquisite clarity in the novel â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† sometimes using the imagery of animals to explain the hardships and adversity that African Americans had to overcome. She perfectly exemplifies how black woman in particular were treated as opposed to black men and what the expectations were that society had for them both. The novel their eyes were watching god takes place during the reconstruction era ofRead MoreThe Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston925 Words   |  4 PagesMany times when I read a piece of literature, I immediately look for the first signs of symbolism. I analyze that particular symbol and how I believe it is to be presented throughout the narrative. In the case of Their Eyes Were Watching God, I recognized that Janie’s hair would have a significant place in the themes of the novel. Within the opening paragraphs, Janie stares at herself in a picture and her identity arises from her hair â€Å"seen it was mah dress and mah hair† Her identity then shiftsRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1459 Words   |  6 Pages 1. In â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston, the main character Janie Crawford experiences many different kinds of love. Throughout her childhood, Janie experienced protective love from her grandmother. When Janie reached the ripe age of 16, her grandmother wanted her to get married. Because of this, she ended up marrying her first husband, Logan Killicks. Just like she did when she was with her grandmother, Janie was the receiver of protective love from her husband. The next typeRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching god, by Zora Neale Hurston1054 Words   |  5 Pageswalk. Compare an idea to an image. Exaggerate a concept. Each person has a different poetic style, and each poetic style uses different poetic techniques: personification, simile, hyperbole, imagery, or irony. Zora Neale Hurston reveals her unique poetic style through Their Eyes Were Watching God, the story of Janie Crawford and her journey to finding unconditional, true love. Her journey begins with an arranged marriage to Logan Killicks, a physically unappealing man with a considerable house, to anRead MoreThe Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1595 Words   |  7 PagesJanie the Feminist The novel â€Å"The Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston takes place in the Harlem Renaissance period where African American culture exploded in the United States. Slavery has been abolished which gives more rights to black men, leaving women to fill the position as a modern slave. This was a period of such suppression of woman that they were treated as if they were brainless property, much like slaves. Janie refuses to succumb to society s standards of how woman shouldRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1249 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"I’m a woman†¦Phenomenal woman, that’s me.† This quote from Maya Angelou’s poem â€Å"Phenomenal Woman† characterizes the common theme between the novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neale Hurston, the speech, â€Å"Ain’t I a Woman†, by Sojourner Truth, and â€Å"Phenomenal Woman†. The common theme between these three different pieces is the i dea of a strong, independent woman, which ties into feminism and the concept of being equal to men. Even though these three pieces are each diverse genres, they areRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1078 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel, Their Eyes were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston there are many hidden symbols. The most important and strongest is the horizon, a glorious symbol portraying Janie’s dream, a lifelong search for true love and happiness. The horizon is created through Janie’s tough experiences seeking to find the future. Hurston suggests, She searched as much of the world she could and leaned over to gaze up and down the road. Looking, waiting, breathing short with impatience. Waiting for the world Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston Essay In Zora Neale Hurston’s novel, Their eyes were watching God the main character Janie is on a quest for self-fulfillment. Of Janie’s three marriages, Logan and Joe provide her with a sense of security and status. However, only her union with Teacake flourishes into true love. Janie’s first marriage to Logan Killicks was an arranged marriage by her Grandmother Nanny. One day Nanny caught Janie kissing the neighborhood riff raff Johnny Taylor, and Nanny becomes convinced that Janie has entered her womanhood, and needs to marry. Nanny chooses Logan Killicks for her granddaughter simply because he has sixty acres of land on the main road. Nanny believes that this would provide Janie with the added security needed to be a black woman during†¦show more content†¦One day Logan tells Janie that he is going out to buy a mule, and wants her to do hard labor while he is gone Janie does not like this and offers to cut some potatoes instead. While Logan is out Janie meets, a man named Joe Starks from Georgia, who she describes as a citified stylishly dressed man, who to Janie is acting white. Joe was on his way to Eatonville to make a better life for himself, he asked Janie where her parents were and Janie explained that she is married and her husband was out getting a mule for her to plow. Joe expresses that that is not a way for her to be treated and asks her to leave Logan and marry him. Joe and Janie meet everyday for about two weeks. One day Janie and Logan get into an argument about who was going to move the mule’s manure, when Janie refuses, Logan threatens to kill her with an axe . At that moment, Janie decides to run off with Joe who reminds her that she is young and beautiful and appeals to her need to have someone in her age group. The first thing that Janie and Joe have in common is their love for sugar and water. In addition, Joe is goal oriented and dreams big whereas Logan’s dreams only extended as far as the sixty acres of land he owns. Janie has big dreams as well and felt suffocated byShow MoreRelatedTheir Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston988 Words   |  4 PagesZora Hurston was an African American proto-feminist author who lived during a time when both African Americans and women were not treated equally. Hurston channeled her thirst for women’s dependence from men into her book Their Eyes Were Watching God. One of the many underlying themes in her book is feminism. Zora Hurston, the author of the book, uses Janie to represent aspects of feminism in her book as well as each relationship Janie had to represent her moving closer towards her independenceRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay1688 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American women to have th eir own voice and independence has been an ongoing conflict. In Zora Neale Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God Janie struggles a majority of her life discovering her own voice by challenging many traditional roles that are set by society during this time. Hongzhi Wu, the author of â€Å"Mules and Women: Identify and Rebel—Janie’s Identity Quest in ‘Their Eyes Were Watching God,’† recognizes the trend of African American women being suppressed by making a comparison betweenRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay1339 Words   |  6 Pages In â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston, as well as in modern times, there are many struggles surrounding gender, social class, and race. Throughout the entirety of this novel, Hurston describes every aspect of Janie’s life, in an attempt to show how young girls are transformed into women. Hurston did not describe the physical transformation, but instead tackled the much more complicated mental transformation. At the beginning of the novel, the reader is greeted with a seeminglyRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1651 Words   |  7 Pagesgender has had their individual struggles. Zora Neale Hurston portrays this with exquisite clarity in the novel â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† sometimes using the imagery of animals to explain the hardships and adversity that African Americans had to overcome. She perfectly exemplifies how black woman in particular were treated as opposed to black men and what the expectations were that society had for them both. The novel their eyes were watching god takes place during the reconstruction era ofRead MoreThe Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston925 Words   |  4 PagesMany times when I read a piece of literature, I immediately look for the first signs of symbolism. I analyze that particular symbol and how I believe it is to be presented throughout the narrative. In the case of Their Eyes Were Watching God, I recognized that Janie’s hair would have a significant place in the themes of the novel. Within the opening paragraphs, Janie stares at herself in a picture and her identity arises from her hair â€Å"seen it was mah dress and mah hair† Her identity then shiftsRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1459 Words   |  6 Pages 1. In â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston, the main character Janie Crawford experiences many different kinds of love. Throughout her childhood, Janie experienced protective love from her grandmother. When Janie reached the ripe age of 16, her grandmother wanted her to get married. Because of this, she ended up marrying her first husband, Logan Killicks. Just like she did when she was with her grandmother, Janie was the receiver of protective love from her husband. The next typeRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching god, by Zora Neale Hurston1054 Words   |  5 Pageswalk. Compare an idea to an image. Exaggerate a concept. Each person has a different poetic style, and each poetic style uses different poetic techniques: personification, simile, hyperbole, imagery, or irony. Zora Neale Hurston reveals her unique poetic style through Their Eyes Were Watching God, the story of Janie Crawford and her journey to finding unconditional, true love. Her journey begins with an arranged marriage to Logan Killicks, a physically unappealing man with a considerable house, to anRead MoreThe Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1595 Words   |  7 PagesJanie the Feminist The novel â€Å"The Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston takes place in the Harlem Renaissance period where African American culture exploded in the United States. Slavery has been abolished which gives more rights to black men, leaving women to fill the position as a modern slave. This was a period of such suppression of woman that they were treated as if they were brainless property, much like slaves. Janie refuses to succumb to society s standards of how woman shouldRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1249 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"I’m a woman†¦Phenomenal woman, that’s me.† This quote from Maya Angelou’s poem â€Å"Phenomenal Woman† characterizes the common theme between the novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neale Hurston, the speech, â€Å"Ain’t I a Woman†, by Sojourner Truth, and â€Å"Phenomenal Woman†. The common theme between these three different pieces is the i dea of a strong, independent woman, which ties into feminism and the concept of being equal to men. Even though these three pieces are each diverse genres, they areRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1078 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel, Their Eyes were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston there are many hidden symbols. The most important and strongest is the horizon, a glorious symbol portraying Janie’s dream, a lifelong search for true love and happiness. The horizon is created through Janie’s tough experiences seeking to find the future. Hurston suggests, She searched as much of the world she could and leaned over to gaze up and down the road. Looking, waiting, breathing short with impatience. Waiting for the world Their Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay In the crossroads between love and culture, politics and tradition, lies what it means to be human. In the novel Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston, Janie Crawford desperately tries to find romance under the championed social realism of husband and wife at the time. At the beginning Janie’s Nanny, arranges for her to marry Logan killicks. An old farmer he owned a large sixty acres of land and was looking for someone to fill the place of his previous wife. However, Janie is not interested in Logan or marriage, her grandmother prescribed the life she wanted Janie to live, a stable life that was financially secure. The life Nanny and her daughter never had. Janie’s youthful notions about relationships leads her to strongly believe that marriage must involve love, and that Logan wants a helper on the farm not a lover or partner. Feeling miserable and lonely, she runs off with Joe Starks to Eatonville. After being spoiled with many fine items, and a distinct position in town, Janie realizes that he wants her as a trophy wife, to reassert his dominance over the townspeople. He treats her as a valuable possession, dictating what she says, wears, and restricting her social life. Once he dies she for once gains total freedom to do as she pleases, becoming financially independent and toppled by suitors. She then meets fun-loving young Vergible Woods who goes by the nickname â€Å"Tea Cake†. At first Janie is uncertain of his intentions, as she is wealthy and older, butShow MoreRelatedTheir Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston988 Words   |  4 PagesZora Hurston was an African American proto-feminist author who lived during a time when both African Americans and women were not treated equally. Hurston channeled her thirst for women’s dependence from men into her book Their Eyes Were Watching God. One of the many underlying themes in her book is feminism. Zora Hurston, the author of the book, uses Janie to represent aspects of feminism in her book as well as each relationship Janie had to represent her moving closer towards her independenceRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay1688 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American women to have their own voice and independence has been an ongoing conflict. In Zora Neale Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God Janie struggles a majority of her life discovering her own voice by challenging many traditional roles that are set by society during this time. Hongzhi Wu, the author of â€Å"Mules and Women: Identify and Rebel—Janie’s Identity Quest in ‘Their Eyes Were Watching God,’† recognizes the trend of African American women being suppressed by making a comparison betweenRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay1339 Words   |  6 Pages In â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston, as well as in modern times, there are many struggles surrounding gender, social class, and race. Throughout the entirety of this novel, Hurston describes every aspect of Janie’s life, in an attempt to show how young girls are transformed into women. Hurston did not describe the physical transformation, but instead tackled the much more complicated mental transformation. At the beginning of the novel, the reader is greeted with a seeminglyRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1651 Words   |  7 Pagesgender has had their individual struggles. Zora Neale Hurston portrays this with exquisite clarity in the novel â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† sometimes using the imagery of animals to explain the hardships and adversity that African Americans had to overcome. She perfectly exemplifies how black woman in particular were treated as opposed to black men and what the expectations were that society had for them both. The novel their eyes were watching god takes place during the reconstruction era ofRead MoreThe Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston925 Words   |  4 PagesMany times when I read a piece of literature, I immediately look for the first signs of symbolism. I analyze that particular symbol and how I believe it is to be presented throughout the narrative. In the case of Their Eyes Were Watching God, I recognized that Janie’s hair would have a significant place in the themes of the novel. Within the opening paragraphs, Janie stares at herself in a picture and her identity arises from her hair â€Å"seen it was mah dress and mah hair† Her identity then shiftsRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1459 Words   |  6 Pages 1. In â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston, the main character Janie Crawford experiences many different kinds of love. Throughout her childhood, Janie experienced protective love from her grandmother. When Janie reached the ripe age of 16, her grandmother wanted her to get married. Because of this, she ended up marrying her first husband, Logan Killicks. Just like she did when she was with her grandmother, Janie was the receiver of protective love from her husband. The next typeRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching god, by Zora Neale Hurston1054 Words   |  5 Pageswalk. Compare an idea to an image. Exaggerate a concept. Each person has a different poetic style, and each poetic style uses different poetic techniques: personification, simile, hyperbole, imagery, or irony. Zora Neale Hurston reveals her unique poetic style through Their Eyes Were Watching God, the story of Janie Crawford and her journey to finding unconditional, true love. Her journey begins with an arranged marriage to Logan Killicks, a physically unappealing man with a considerable house, to anRead MoreThe Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1595 Words   |  7 PagesJanie the Feminist The novel â€Å"The Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston takes place in the Harlem Renaissance period where African American culture exploded in the United States. Slavery has been abolished which gives more rights to black men, leaving women to fill the position as a modern slave. This was a period of such suppression of woman that they were treated as if they were brainless property, much like slaves. Janie refuses to succumb to society s standards of how woman shouldRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1249 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"I’m a woman†¦Phenomenal woman, that’s me.† This quote from Maya Angelou’s poem â€Å"Phenomenal Woman† characterizes the common theme between the novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neale Hurston, the speech, â€Å"Ain’t I a Woman†, by Sojourner Truth, and â€Å"Phenomenal Woman†. The common theme between these three different pieces is the i dea of a strong, independent woman, which ties into feminism and the concept of being equal to men. Even though these three pieces are each diverse genres, they areRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1078 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel, Their Eyes were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston there are many hidden symbols. The most important and strongest is the horizon, a glorious symbol portraying Janie’s dream, a lifelong search for true love and happiness. The horizon is created through Janie’s tough experiences seeking to find the future. Hurston suggests, She searched as much of the world she could and leaned over to gaze up and down the road. Looking, waiting, breathing short with impatience. Waiting for the world Their Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay In â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston, as well as in modern times, there are many struggles surrounding gender, social class, and race. Throughout the entirety of this novel, Hurston describes every aspect of Janie’s life, in an attempt to show how young girls are transformed into women. Hurston did not describe the physical transformation, but instead tackled the much more complicated mental transformation. At the beginning of the novel, the reader is greeted with a seemingly innocent little girl named Janie Crawford. â€Å"She was stretched on her back beneath the pear tree soaking in the alto chant of the visiting bees, the gold of the sun and the panting breath of the breeze†(Hurston 16) That just screams innocence. This little girl is just like a normal little girl, she is fanaticizing over the idea of being in love, and finding her prince charming. While she was growing up, Janie did not have a very good example, or an example at all, of what true love is. Janie never met her parents, and was raised by her â€Å"Nanny†, a woman with very old timer beliefs. Janie’s nanny was very strict about these things as well, she wanted Janie to be better than her peers, and have more material possessions than anybody else. This is a very selfish way to raise a child up, but Nanny knew no better, she was just doing what she considered best for Janie. The selfish beliefs that Nanny instilled in Janie were not what made Janie’s life tough, it was Nanny’s views onShow MoreRelatedTheir Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston988 Words   |  4 PagesZora Hurston was an African American proto-feminist author who lived during a time when both African Americans and women were not treated equally. Hurston channeled her thirst for women’s dependence from men into her book Their Eyes Were Watching God. One of the many underlying themes in her book is feminism. Zora Hurston, the author of the book, uses Janie to represent aspects of feminism in her book as well as each relationship Janie had to represent her moving closer towards her independenceRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston Essay1688 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican American women to have their own voice and independence has been an ongoing conflict. In Zora Neale Hurston’s novel Their Eyes Were Watching God Janie struggles a majority of her life discovering her own voice by challenging many traditional roles that are set by society during this time. Hongzhi Wu, the author of â€Å"Mules and Women: Identify and Rebel—Janie’s Identity Quest in ‘Their Eyes Were Watching God,’† recognizes the trend of African American women being suppressed by making a comparison betweenRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1651 Words   |  7 Pagesgender has had their individual struggles. Zora Neale Hurston portrays this with exquisite clarity in the novel â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† sometimes using the imagery of animals to explain the hardships and adversity that African Americans had to overcome. She perfectly exemplifies how black woman in particular were treated as opposed to black men and what the expectations were that society had for them both. The novel their eyes were watching god takes place during the reconstruction era ofRead MoreThe Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston925 Words   |  4 PagesMany times when I read a piece of literature, I immediately look for the first signs of symbolism. I analyze that particular symbol and how I believe it is to be presented throughout the narrative. In the case of Their Eyes Were Watching God, I recognized that Janie’s hair would have a significant place in the themes of the novel. Within the opening paragraphs, Janie stares at herself in a picture and her identity arises from her hair â€Å"seen it was mah dress and mah hair† Her identity then shiftsRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1459 Words   |  6 Pages 1. In â€Å"Their Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston, the main character Janie Crawford experiences many different kinds of love. Throughout her childhood, Janie experienced protective love from her grandmother. When Janie reached the ripe age of 16, her grandmother wanted her to get married. Because of this, she ended up marrying her first husband, Logan Killicks. Just like she did when she was with her grandmother, Janie was the receiver of protective love from her husband. The next typeRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching god, by Zora Neale Hurston1054 Words   |  5 Pageswalk. Compare an idea to an image. Exaggerate a concept. Each person has a different poetic style, and each poetic style uses different poetic techniques: personification, simile, hyperbole, imagery, or irony. Zora Neale Hurston reveals her unique poetic style through Their Eyes Were Watching God, the story of Janie Crawford and her journey to finding unconditional, true love. Her journey begins with an arranged marriage to Logan Killicks, a physically unappealing man with a considerable house, to anRead MoreThe Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1595 Words   |  7 PagesJanie the Feminist The novel â€Å"The Eyes Were Watching God† by Zora Neale Hurston takes place in the Harlem Renaissance period where African American culture exploded in the United States. Slavery has been abolished which gives more rights to black men, leaving women to fill the position as a modern slave. This was a period of such suppression of woman that they were treated as if they were brainless property, much like slaves. Janie refuses to succumb to society s standards of how woman shouldRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1249 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"I’m a woman†¦Phenomenal woman, that’s me.† This quote from Maya Angelou’s poem â€Å"Phenomenal Woman† characterizes the common theme between the novel, Their Eyes Were Watching God, by Zora Neale Hurston, the speech, â€Å"Ain’t I a Woman†, by Sojourner Truth, and â€Å"Phenomenal Woman†. The common theme between these three different pieces is the i dea of a strong, independent woman, which ties into feminism and the concept of being equal to men. Even though these three pieces are each diverse genres, they areRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Zora Neale Hurston1078 Words   |  5 PagesIn the novel, Their Eyes were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston there are many hidden symbols. The most important and strongest is the horizon, a glorious symbol portraying Janie’s dream, a lifelong search for true love and happiness. 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The Model Of A Health Care Delivery System - 1165 Words

Abstract Roemer’s model of a health care delivery system shows the different necessary elements for a system to be successful. As health needs are the input; the system needs resources, organization of programs, economic support mechanisms, and delivery of services to provide the health needs output (Roemer, p 33). Able 2 is an organization that provides services to people with disabilities. They have many resources, but perhaps not enough to meet the health needs of every consumer. They have well organized programs, have economic support, and can deliver services completely and holistically to produce health as the output of the client. The most important implication that was found in analyzing Able 2 was the need for increased resources as they are not able to meet the needs for every client in need of its services. Ultimately though, Able 2 is an excellent organization that provides an array of services for those people with disabilities. Finance Mechanisms Economic support mechanisms are one of the major components needed in a health care delivery system (Roemer, p 33). Without income, an organization would fail. Able-2 is a non-profit organization (NPO) and a non-government organization (NGO) in the private sector. They have been tax-exempt both by state and federal taxes since 1978. Under the umbrella of an NPO, its purpose must be charitable and all revenue, after normal expenditures, must serve the public’s interest (DeMartinis, 2005). 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There are cost sharing models that can be applied to assist in the health care delivery system. Also, looking at health care models from other countries could serve as an example for America to follow. One of these models is using a universal health care delivery with cost sharing based out of the government and being a publicly funded system. Cost sharing occurs when the individual occurs some of the risk of the insurance cost

Micromax Mobile How to Increase Market Share Free Essays

Consumer buying behaviour report Micromax mobile phones By Mansi Choksey Roll no. 19 PGDM Marketing Product chosen: Micromax Mobile phones Issue to be addressed: How to increase Market share: Background on the company: Micromax Mobile needs no introduction today. Just two years back people were not aware of  the brand  at all but today it’s India’s third largest mobile selling company by volume after Nokia and Samsung (IDC Report). We will write a custom essay sample on Micromax Mobile : How to Increase Market Share or any similar topic only for you Order Now Brand’s success can be attributed to it’s ability to understand the need of the market ,aggressive marketing with a budget of Rs. 00 crore and smart  distribution channel  management. Its one of the leading Indian Telecom Companies with 23 domestic offices across the country and international offices in Hong Kong, USA, Dubai and now in Nepal. With a futuristic vision and an exhaustive Ramp;D at its helm, Micromax has successfully generated innovative technologies that have revolutionised the telecom consumerspace. As per IDC report Micromax displaced LG to become third largest selling  mobile handset company  in india with a market share of 6%. Nokia is market leader with 62% share and Samsung is on second place with 8% market share. The company today sells more than a million handsets a month and is now a Rs. 1600 cr worth brand. The company has presence in more than 500 districts and 90,000  retail outlets. The company started its Mobile handset business in 2008 and the challenge was to establish an identity in a market dominated by big MNCs Like Nokia,Samsung,LG and Motorola. Today Micromax has become a brand which people relate and look up to for realizing their individual device preferences and other out-of-the-box solutions. Micromax, is now churning out 1 million phones a month. Micromax is on a mission to successfully overcome the technological barriers and constantly engender â€Å"life enhancing solutions†. The company’s vision is to develop path-breaking technologies and efficient processes that incubate newer markets, enliven customer aspirations and continue to make Micromax a trusted market leader amongst people. Micromax founders : Rajesh Agarwal: handles company finances Sumeet Arora: chief technology officer Vikas jain: handles alliances with other companies Rahul Sharma: risk taker with the big ideas 4 P’s of marketing for Micromax mobiles: 1. Product Micromax has been quite effective in the marking a difference with almost every product that it launched. The range that they have covered varies quite a large variety. Right from the handsets with 30 days battery backup, dual SIM, handsets switching networks (GSM -CDMA) using gravity sensors, aspirational QWERTY keypad handsets to operator branded 3G handsets to the most exciting OMH CDMA Handsets, etc. Every product of Micromax had the potential to grab the attention of media as ell as the consumers in a market which is already flooded with mobile phone handsets and a launch is there in every day or two. 2. Price Micromax specialized in entry-level and mid-segment handsets priced between Rs1,800 and Rs2,400 when it started selling the devices in 2008, confining itself to small towns and rural areas in the first 12-18 months. Encouraged by its success, the firm expanded to larger c ities and now has a distribution network of 55,000 retailers, which it plans to scale up to 70,000 by the end of March as part of its strategy to raise sales to 1. million handsets a month. 3. Place Micromax is one of the leading Indian Telecom Companies with 23 domestic offices across the country and international offices in Hong Kong, USA, Dubai and now in Nepal. Micromax has invested Rs100 crore to set up a plant in Baddi in Himachal Pradesh as it feels outsourcing manufacturing completely leaves the door open for supply-side uncertainties. Production will be scaled up from an initial 50,000 per month. â€Å"If everything goes right, by the third phase in March 2011, the Baddi plant will be making about 500,000 handsets,† Jain said. If the plant isn’t able to cope with the numbers, the fallback plan is to acquire a facility in South Korea, Taiwan or China, he added. 4. Promotion Having gained traction, Micromax is also working on a strategy to create awareness in the metros, which includes tying up with MTV for co-branded phones. Micromax has also tied up with a Bollywood celebrity â€Å"AKSHAY KUMAR† as brand ambassador. Micromax has also tied up some pretty big brands like Yamaha for enhancing their audio experiences and the X360 comes with an MTV branding and exclusive content. It is utilizing the integrated market communication tools like sponsoring events (cricket match and film awards), advertising through hoardings, TV, radio etc very effectively. With a 360 degree advertising and marketing strategy sketched out, the company has an optimistic outlook for the telecom consumer space. Currently present in more than 40,000 stores across the country, the company plans to have an aggressive market incursion to reach out to its customers through 70,000 operational stores in the coming year The following tools of IMC are being used by Micromax: Events and experiences For marketing of its products the company is riding on two enduring Indian obsessions–sports and films–to build its brand. Following up on its association with the popular Twenty20 cricket Indian Premier League (IPL), Micromax, a brand that is less than three years old, has become the title sponsor of almost all tournaments and series of which India is a part, including the recently concluded Asia Cup, the forthcoming India-Sri Lanka Test series and the India-New Zealand-Sri Lanka tri-series in August. The objective behind the cricket â€Å"roadblock†, as such behavior is termed in advertising, is to drive brand awareness and recall. The company believes that while cricket may boost a brand instantly, viewers may still not remember the brand after the match or the tournament. Even if consumers remember a series, they may not remember the advertisers. That’s when they thought of a roadblock and decided to sponsor all cricketing properties post IPL. Bollywood is also a major platform for the brand, which is targeting consumers between 18 and 27 years. Bollywood’s most bankable star Akshay Kumar was signed on as the brand ambassador six months ago. More recently, his wife Twinkle Khanna was engaged to promote Micromax’s bling phone that comes with Swarovski crystals and a vanity mirror. To push its association with films, the firm also sponsored the IIFA (International Indian Film Academy) Awards held in Sri Lanka, where Micromax recently launched its phones. The brand is now ready to enter Bangladesh and West Asia. Advertising Broadcast media micromax use television to broadcast their advertisements. Apart from using cricket, films, celebrity micromax also advertise through news papers. They also utilize hoarding and bill boards to advertise their products. Prime site recently kicked off a month-long campaign for Micromax mobile phones in Delhi, executed mostly through hoardings. Going further, this promotion will be extended to the other regions of northern India as well. All the Medias used by micromax are very carefully selected as to reach its target audience and through each medium the innovative aspect of the product is portrayed. The three advertising objectives of micromax mobile are * To create awareness * To increase recall of their brand * To create brand equity. Company’s current marketing strategy: 1. Tapping the Indian consumers by knowing what they need specifically: a. Indian context: When Nokia or Samsung roll out a new model they do so from its global portfolio rather than launching something specifically for India. Micromax realized the fact that there are certain unmet needs still there in the market which is not being addressed by big brands. Micromax’s strategy ,since their inception has been to identify the unmet latent needs of people and come up with a product which no one else has and thus fits well with the consumer need. b. Rural context: Micromax initially targeted rural market and once it established its presence went on to lure urban youth. Micromax’s first innovation – a handset with 30 days of standby battery life — crucial in a country like India where power failures are common. Also in rural areas its not easy to charge one’s mobile phones because not only are there power failures but also they don’t have money to pay for electricity every month and hence such a phone was introduced. Also One of the major aspects that contribute towards the substantial monthly growth of Micromax is its 80% sales in the rural areas. After building a strong presence in the rural market, where the prominence of both subscribers and operators is rapidly increasing, Micromax is now progressively moving towards establishing its foothold in the competitive urban towns as well. 2. Value for money amp; Cost effective: The company didn’t bank on price competition only rather it catered to the needs of people unaddressed by MNC brands. Big brand like Nokia, Samsung had not introduced Dual sim phones earlier. But with the onset of such phones launched by Micromax, Nokia , Samsung etc. ave tough competition and their phones are just a case of â€Å"me-too† products. Also Micromax has made sure that all their mobile phones are value for money and serve the purpose and the need of the customer. 3. Ramp;D and Innovation : Versatile Product Portfolio: It was the first to introduce: a) Handsets with 30 days battery backup b) Handsets with Dual SIM / Dual Standby c) Handsets Switching Networks (GSM – CDMA) us ing gravity sensors d) Aspirational Qwerty Keypad Handsets e) Operator Branded 3G Handsets f) OMH CDMA Handsets, etc. . First mover advantage: They have introduced phones specially targeting the Indian people which were never even thought of remotely by the top players in the mobile phone industry like Nokia amp; Samsung. So they clearly have a first mover advantage. 5. Outsourcing the manufacturing: Instead of manufacturing itself, Micromax sourced its handsets from 12 factories in China, South Korea and Taiwan. It was model-based sourcing: Micromax would come up with an idea and give it to the factory best placed to deliver it. This is different from, say, Nokia, which would be compelled to stay in-house or go to a vendor-partner, even if another vendor had better capabilities to execute a particular model. 6. Smart distribution channel management: Micromax also looked at distribution in a new way, standing by its cash-only model. While rivals offered a 60-day credit line, Micromax refused to give credit. â€Å"If the distributor does not buy your handsets, there is no pressure on him to sell them,† explains Mr Agarwal. At the same time, Micromax offered to supply distributors regularly to keep inventories down. So, distributors didn’t have to shell out large amounts upfront or have a lot of money locked in. â€Å"If we give a distributor 1,000 handsets and ask him to sell them over a month, he will worry about his daily sales,† says Mr Agarwal. â€Å"But if we supply less, demand will be close to equal or more than supply. †Micromax has 34 super-distributors across India. Unlike a Nokia or a Samsung, it doesn’t interact with the 500-plus sub-distributors. Neither does it intervene in how the super-distributors sell or place the products. â€Å"We offer our super-distributors a 15% margin, which is higher than the ndustry average of 6-10%,† claims Mr Jain. 7. Unmet needs of consumer 30-DAY BATTERY PHONES April 2008: Rs 2,249; Now: Rs 1,999 The X1i, Micromax’s first phone, had a battery that could give 17 hours of talk time and go 30 days on a single charge. DUAL-SIM PHONES July 2008: Rs 1,999-12,999 For those who want two numbers but one handset PHON E-CUM-REMOTE May 2010: Rs 2,999 A mobile that can switch TV channels and even change the AC Temperature PHONE-CUM-STEREO Feb 2010: Rs 4,999 With 3D surround sound, fed by Yamaha and Wolfson BLING Feb 2010: Rs 5,500 A big hit with women, comes with Swarovski embellishments IN THE WORKS A mosquito-repellent phone. A phone that can be used as a computer mouse Micromax focuses on being different 8. Production related moves: Micromax is investing Rs 100 crore to set up a manufacturing plant in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, to ensure its outsourcing model does not cause supply-side uncertainties. Production is being scaled up from 50,000 units per month to 500,000 units a month by March 2011. How to increase the market share with respect to the consumer buying behaviour: Steps of consumer buying behaviour: 1) Need awareness: The beginning point of most purchasing is your potential buyer recognition of a need in their life. This need can be established by encountering a problem or prompted by a company’s marketing. Already Micromax is into a lot of marketing through promotions, Ads, sponsorships of events, etc. But few suggestions on that front to make sure that their potential consumer hears them rightly is – * Now they are at the 3rd position in the mobile handset industry and they have achieved a good market share in a very short span of time, so their advertisements should focus on brand building. They don`t develop very creative advertisements, sometimes their advertisements are mere noises like the advertisement featuring Akshay kumar. They must add creativity to their advertisements. (Micromax Bling Ad featuring Twinkle Khanna is an exception to this point). * Break the resistance of no need by aligning their marketing with the current needs and wants of your market. * It’s a g eneral norm that whatever is expensive is good to use, of high quality, has more life and is definitely something which will increase one’s status. So it would be a good strategy to increase the prices which will work for the image of Micromax because there is a risk of the brand being perceived not as an aspirational brand but a ordinary price warrior if it does not focus on the quality of the communication. * The needs of not even two consumers are the same. Therefore, they buy only those products and services, which satisfy their wants and desires. To survive in the market, a firm has to be constantly innovating and understand the latest consumer needs and tastes it will be extremely useful in exploiting marketing opportunities and in meeting the challenges that the Indian market offers. This reality can be turned into an opportunity by introducing â€Å"Customization of mobile phones†. a) People can goto Micromax mobile stores, and fill a form listing their options of the type of phone they want, color of the phone, screen size of the phone, features like audio player, radio, one –touch applications, etc. ;amp; all other specifications of the phone. ) Once that form is filled the Micromax staff can show a picture of the newly designed phone to the consumer on a computer and if necessary can make any changes and then finally place the order for such a phone. c) Payment terms and conditions can be advance payment – half the price of the phone at the time of placing and half at the time of delivery. This make s the consumer feel that the mobile phone company is not only generally consumer centric but it believes in the fact that every person is different and unique in his/ her own way and would have different needs and wants. Also this gives a chance to the consumers to become innovative and its definite that a consumer will definitely want to buy such a phone again from Micromax. 2) Information search: Its important to make sure consumers know about all the new variants and products that the company introduces. With the rise of the Internet, it has never been easier for buyers to research their purchase. It needs to make sure that all information is readily available on the website. They can break the resistance of lack of education by adding an educational seminar to their marketing mix to provide maximum information about their company, phones, promotions, variants, prices, etc. to not just the tech-savvy urban population but also the rural people. Their goal at this point in the buying process is to get their product or service in front of the consumer. They need to make them aware of their solution. 3) Check options: Once the consumer understands his or her situation and has gathered research on possible solutions, the mobile handset buying process enters an evaluation period. The consumer now starts to take a close look at specifics, such as the company providing the solution, the brand name of the product, and the features and benefits of each solution. Branding  and product differentiation are extremely important tools of persuasion during the evaluation stage. This is where the strategies listed above would help Micromax gain an edge over its competitors and increase the market share when a potential consumer would sit and evaluate his options while buying a cell phone. 4) Purchase: After a comprehensive review of solutions and specific products and services, the consumer makes a purchase decision. At this point in the buying process, supporting information needs to be provided to reinforce the decision to buy. Help the buyer by telling them what and why the company/ staff in the store would recommend a certain handset as they are the experts in that. Also Depending on urban / rural population, the company can provide different payment options or billing terms. 5) Evaluation of the purchase: The buyer will look for reinforcement from media, friends, and other sources confirming they made the right decision. Cognitive dissonance or â€Å"buyer’s remorse† happens when the buyer begins to feel the purchase wasn’t right for them. To make sure such dissonance doesn’t occur they should offer warranties, there must be after purchase follow-up calls to make sure that the consumer is happy with the handset he/she has purchased, excellent after sales service by opening as many service centers as possible in all parts of India. It is crucial to building strong relationships with customers and encouraging repeat purchases that you not only provide a positive purchase experience and after sale support, but that you strengthen the buyer’s perception that they made the right purchase decision. How to cite Micromax Mobile : How to Increase Market Share, Papers

Mambo Kings Play Essays - Gulf Of Mexico, Havana, Sex,

Mambo Kings Play The book that I read was rather pornographic. It was a story about 2 brothers and 6 other people who put together a band and played in clubs almost every night. After playing their gigs, they'd go off and get drunk and then go sleep with about 4 different girls every night. None of them were settled down because they always were going places and meeting new people. They started their band in a place called Havana, Cuba. They were very unknown until they met a guy at a bar one night named Desi Arnaz. He offered them a contract and signed them with jobs in the United States. So being young and free, they left with almost nothing to start their new life in the states. The first place they went to, which was later their favorite place, was Miami, Florida. They played in clubs late at night still bringing girls back to their hotel rooms. They started to get noticed. Oscar Hijuelos was the author of the book The Mambo Kings Play Songs of Love and also the book called Our House in the Last World. Oscar was born in 1951 in the city of Havana, Cuba and was born to both Cuban parents. He now currently lives in New York. I do like how the author wrote this book basically because it was easy reading. It was very long in some parts, but you could understand it easily. It never left you feeling as if you didn't understand a part. He wrote in sections and not chapters. There were only 3 sections in the book and so it was easier to follow because he didn't have to keep starting a new chapter. I read this book by dividing it into how many pages I'd read each day. I had to read about 28 pages in it a day and I kept that promise to myself. I read every day and I got the book done on time. In each section of the book, the author started off in a new club. He started it off at a different time every time. He had it start off one time at 11:23pm in a nightclub in Miami, and the other ones at 11:57pm and 12:02am. The brothers always seemed to be at a nightclub whether or not they were playing that night. The always got drunk and I liked how the author would show you just how drunk they were by their actions. I believe that there are actually two stories going on in this book. And they are about the same group of people. Because one of the stories is being told to you as the lives of musicians who go about their daily lives in the daytime, but then become drunk and sleazy at night when they go off and play in clubs. They always talk about wanting to settle down with a woman and have a family, but then at night, they go off and stay out until about 4am with a bunch of girls after playing in a smoke-filled room with a bunch of drunken men. "Like his music, the Mambo King was very direct in those days. He and Vanna Vane had just been out to dinner at the club Babalu and Cesar said to her, as she chewed on a piece of plantain fritter, "Vanna, I'm in love with you, and I want a chance to show you what it's like to be with a man like me."" Just on that quote, it initiates the fact that even the Mambo King wanted to get settled down. But right after that quote, she said no to him and so he went and slept with some stripper he met in a bar that night. Another quote that describes how they are at night is this one, "I saw her. A woman with a broken leg in a cast, standing up in a phone booth during a rainstorm in Atlantic City, the gales whipping against the glass, things so dark around them nobody could see, so that in the ferocity of the winds they started to kiss, his knee pressing between her legs, and this woman saying to hell with it and pulling up her sun skirt and down with her panties, down over her legs and down over the thick plaster cast, so that he lifted her up onto him and she leaned back against the wall, laughing and thinking, This man

Free Essays on The Fall of the House Of Usher

Poe uses the imagery and the life-like characteristics of an otherwise decaying house as a device for giving the house a supernatural atmosphere. For example, from the very beginning of the story, the reader can tell that there is something unusual and almost supernatural about the building. As the narrator approaches the home of his long-time friend, Roderick Usher, he refers to the house as the â€Å"melancholy House of Usher†(1508). Upon looking at the building, he even describes the feeling he has as â€Å"a sense of insufferable gloom pervading my spirit†(1508). The windows appear to be â€Å"vacant,† and â€Å"eye-like† and the narrator goes on to observe the â€Å"rank sedges,† and the â€Å"black and lurid tarn,†(1509) in which he sees the reflection of the house. He later says, â€Å"when I again uplifted my eyes to the house itself, from its image in the pool, there grew a strange fancy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (1509). This statement indicates that perhaps the house does indeed have supernatural characteristic. The narrator ! observes the details of the house once more and finds that the house has fungi growing all over it and the masonry of the building is decaying. He says, â€Å" there appeared to be a wild inconsistency between its still perfect adaptation of parts, and the utterly porous, and evidently decayed condition of the individual stones†(1510). This observation suggests that perhaps something supernatural is holding the house intact; otherwise it would have fallen to the ground long ago. Upon entering the house, the narrator sees the inside of the house as well as the odd behavior and personality of its inhabitants and is increasingly convinced that the house has some supernatural effect on those who live there. Upon meeting Usher, the narrator remarks, â€Å"†¦the physique of the gray walls and the turrets, and of the dim tarn into which they all looked down, had at length, brought about upon the morale of his existence† (1512). The narrat... Free Essays on The Fall of the House of Usher Free Essays on The Fall of the House of Usher The Doom of Usher’s House The human mind naturally receives images of the frightening or even appalling. In the tale â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† by Edgar Allan Poe, the narrator is brought into an eerie world â€Å"DURING the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn† (204). The setting of this world inspires devastation for Roderick Usher and his twin sister, Madeline. This sense of doom shows throughout the House of Usher, the interior and exterior of the house, the landscape surrounding the mansion, and the strange tempestuous atmosphere of the house. The House of Usher generates a sense of doom by its appearance as the narrator approaches. â€Å"The vacant and eye-like windows† of the manor first give the impression that the house is a large face. A minute fungus overspreads the whole exterior, hanging like web-work from the attic. The narrator can also see a barely distinguishable crack extending from the roof down into the pond. As the narrator crosses the threshold of the house into the gothic archway, he sees carvings on the ceiling, gloomy tapestries hanging on the walls, â€Å"ebon blackness of the floors, and large phantasmagoric armorial trophies. The rooms are very large and lofty, the general furniture profuse, comfortless, antique, and dilapidated† (205). Paintings hanging on the walls give the narrator a shudder every time he views the depressive scenarios. There is also a vault at a great depth below the mansion, a portion of the vaults floor and the whole interior of the long archway are sheathed with copper, the chamber is very small, damp, and entirely without means of admission for light. Even the door is made of massive iron and placed on great hinges that grind and make an awful noise as the narrator and Roderick open it. The landscape around the mansion is doomed, which leads to the land being full of sadness and decay. The house appears on a landscape of â€Å"a few rank sedges and u... Free Essays on The Fall Of The House Of Usher Poe uses the imagery and the life-like characteristics of an otherwise decaying house as a device for giving the house a supernatural atmosphere. For example, from the very beginning of the story, the reader can tell that there is something unusual and almost supernatural about the building. As the narrator approaches the home of his long-time friend, Roderick Usher, he refers to the house as the â€Å"melancholy House of Usher†(1508). Upon looking at the building, he even describes the feeling he has as â€Å"a sense of insufferable gloom pervading my spirit†(1508). The windows appear to be â€Å"vacant,† and â€Å"eye-like† and the narrator goes on to observe the â€Å"rank sedges,† and the â€Å"black and lurid tarn,†(1509) in which he sees the reflection of the house. He later says, â€Å"when I again uplifted my eyes to the house itself, from its image in the pool, there grew a strange fancy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (1509). This statement indicates that perhaps the house does indeed have supernatural characteristic. The narrator ! observes the details of the house once more and finds that the house has fungi growing all over it and the masonry of the building is decaying. He says, â€Å" there appeared to be a wild inconsistency between its still perfect adaptation of parts, and the utterly porous, and evidently decayed condition of the individual stones†(1510). This observation suggests that perhaps something supernatural is holding the house intact; otherwise it would have fallen to the ground long ago. Upon entering the house, the narrator sees the inside of the house as well as the odd behavior and personality of its inhabitants and is increasingly convinced that the house has some supernatural effect on those who live there. Upon meeting Usher, the narrator remarks, â€Å"†¦the physique of the gray walls and the turrets, and of the dim tarn into which they all looked down, had at length, brought about upon the morale of his existence† (1512). The narrat... Free Essays on The Fall of the House Of Usher One of the core themes of the short story, â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher†, is that of the nature of the house itself. The manner it is described and the way it is so puzzling. Another main theme of this tale is the nature of the people that reside in the dwelling. They are described in nearly the same manner all through the narrative. In that way, they have several things in common with one other. What is clearly similar about the way all these things are refered to is the sense of a bad feeling, of dread, showing how bad things are for the people and the house. These similarities are laid out extremely well in the story and I believe they are meant be strongly considered when reading it. At the start of the tale there is a very negative feeling being connected to the appearance of the house. Poe especially uses a couple of tactics to try and make you feel negatively about the house. He used phrases such as: â€Å"insufferable gloom,† â€Å"vacant,† â€Å"black and lurid,† and the â€Å"rank sedges.† These are obviously meant to convey a bad connotation to the house. Poe writes that the house has a â€Å"wild inconsistency† and describes that each individual stone is starting to decay and fall apart. This suggests that the house has many problems that could possibly lead to the destruction of a house. Its hard to pick up this as foreshadowing, but as the reader continues the story it becomes clearer and clearer. The house has a kind of gothic feeling to it. Another common word used in describing the house is ghostly. The story is lined with phrases such as, â€Å"through many dark and intricate passages† and â€Å"ebon blackn ess† which also set the sense of darkness. They all set up the idea that some frightful event is going to take place soon. These devices, along with a some others, help to connect the house to Roderick and Lady Madeline. When the speaker first sees Roderick after a long interval of time, he remarks that he resemb...

3 Steps to Becoming a Successful Admin Professional

3 Steps to Becoming a Successful Admin Professional Admins are a pretty competent and put together demographic. But we all have our own particular weaknesses- some we’re aware of, some we’re not! No matter your career stage, it never hurts to do a little self-assessment and see what can be improved.Step 1: Assess Your StyleEverybody has their own particular organizational style. Some people make lists. Some people clear out their inbox and sort messages into folders every hour on the hour. Some people have a gnarl of papers on their desk, but always know how to find the one they need! You may be a neat and tidy pile person, and you may not.There are great tests available online to self-assess. But no matter what you do, figuring out what works and doesn’t work for you is an important first step to figuring out what can and should be improved.Step 2: Build Your ToolboxThis is easier said than done, and does require a thorough investigation into Step 1. But once you know your weak areas, it will be much easier to fi nd and hone the tools to help you get them back up to snuff. Google and your trusted friends are a great resource here. So are colleagues whose organization systems you find awe-inspiring. A casual, â€Å"Hey, you have any strategies for file creep you feel like sharing?† People love to brag about how well they do things. They’ll never realize you just cried for help.Step 3: Know the CostIf you don’t shore up your weak spots, you could be wasting lots of your own time, your boss’s time, your company’s money. You could let things slip through the cracks and then forget them. Even if you don’t make any big mistakes, you might be constantly worried that you might, and that stress just isn’t worth it. Better to plug up all the holes in the boat and go forth with confidence that you’re steering it straight and true.Having good- no, great organization can only help you. It will build your reputation and respect level among your cowor kers and supervisors, and will keep you calm and confident in the fact that you’re aces at your job.

Jewish Holy Days Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Jewish Holy Days - Essay Example This is due to the fact that all non-Israelite firstborns were to be killed by an angel of death sent by God. However, in order for the spirit to distinguish in which houses to inflict death, all the Israelites were advised to slaughter a lamb and mark their doors with its blood such that the spirit would pass over their homes and go to those which were unmarked (Strassfeld, 2001). In this light, they were ordered to ensure that all the meat from the lamb was roasted and eaten without leaving any sign of it (August, 2000). While at it, they were to pack all their belongings i.e. the portable ones in readiness to embark on the exodus once the pharaoh had accepted to release them. The journey they were about to start was one which did give these people ample time to prepare as it was only in a one night notice and as such, most of the food especially bread was half or totally unleavened and they had to carry it in that state else risk starvation especially due to the fact that most of the terrain on their path was a desert. This was also informed by the fear that once their release was sanctioned, there was a possibility that pharaoh would change his mind and thus, they had to leave in a hurry and as quickly as possible. During the Passover night, the angel of death came as promised and killed all the firstborns in homes belonging to non-Israelites and in the aftermath, Pharaoh agreed to let the Israelites free but as they had anticipated, he changed his mind and sent soldiers to bring them back but by then, Moses and his people had already crossed the red sea (August, 2000). The Passover celebrations are conducted beginning on the 15th day on the month of Nissan, which coincides with the months of March or April on the Gregorian calendar, and runs for 7 to 8 days (Strassfeld, 2001). During this period, believers observe various norms and festivities, most of which are symbolic expressions of the Passover night at the time of exodus. For example, all the househol ds are required to dispose all the chametz in their belonging by way of destroying it completely, or giving it out to non Jews with the intention of reacquiring it after the festivities. Chametz refers to the food items which are mostly products of grain, and which have undergone fermentation. Prior to the commencement of the holy day, households usually embark on a cleanup exercise aimed at removing any traces of chametz, including any utensils that have been used to prepare it, after which thorough inspection is conducted. This in itself symbolizes the unleavened bread that the Israelites carried from Egypt and also the removal of arrogance in the souls of the believers. Instead of chametz, the Jews feast on Matzoh i.e. a mixture of flour and water cooked quickly before 18 minutes are over. This is due to the assumption that dough starts rising within 18 minutes if it is left uncooked thereby becoming chametz (Strassfeld, 2001). The fast of the firstborns is also one of the activi ties associated with Jewish Passover (Sper, 2003). In this regard, all the firstborns are supposed to participate in commemoration of the fact that they were rescued from the wrath of the angel of death. The fasting is conducted on the day before Passover and is only an obligation of those firstborn males of 13 years and above, which is the most agreed age of halakhic adulthood.

Jewish Holy Days Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Jewish Holy Days - Essay Example This is due to the fact that all non-Israelite firstborns were to be killed by an angel of death sent by God. However, in order for the spirit to distinguish in which houses to inflict death, all the Israelites were advised to slaughter a lamb and mark their doors with its blood such that the spirit would pass over their homes and go to those which were unmarked (Strassfeld, 2001). In this light, they were ordered to ensure that all the meat from the lamb was roasted and eaten without leaving any sign of it (August, 2000). While at it, they were to pack all their belongings i.e. the portable ones in readiness to embark on the exodus once the pharaoh had accepted to release them. The journey they were about to start was one which did give these people ample time to prepare as it was only in a one night notice and as such, most of the food especially bread was half or totally unleavened and they had to carry it in that state else risk starvation especially due to the fact that most of the terrain on their path was a desert. This was also informed by the fear that once their release was sanctioned, there was a possibility that pharaoh would change his mind and thus, they had to leave in a hurry and as quickly as possible. During the Passover night, the angel of death came as promised and killed all the firstborns in homes belonging to non-Israelites and in the aftermath, Pharaoh agreed to let the Israelites free but as they had anticipated, he changed his mind and sent soldiers to bring them back but by then, Moses and his people had already crossed the red sea (August, 2000). The Passover celebrations are conducted beginning on the 15th day on the month of Nissan, which coincides with the months of March or April on the Gregorian calendar, and runs for 7 to 8 days (Strassfeld, 2001). During this period, believers observe various norms and festivities, most of which are symbolic expressions of the Passover night at the time of exodus. For example, all the househol ds are required to dispose all the chametz in their belonging by way of destroying it completely, or giving it out to non Jews with the intention of reacquiring it after the festivities. Chametz refers to the food items which are mostly products of grain, and which have undergone fermentation. Prior to the commencement of the holy day, households usually embark on a cleanup exercise aimed at removing any traces of chametz, including any utensils that have been used to prepare it, after which thorough inspection is conducted. This in itself symbolizes the unleavened bread that the Israelites carried from Egypt and also the removal of arrogance in the souls of the believers. Instead of chametz, the Jews feast on Matzoh i.e. a mixture of flour and water cooked quickly before 18 minutes are over. This is due to the assumption that dough starts rising within 18 minutes if it is left uncooked thereby becoming chametz (Strassfeld, 2001). The fast of the firstborns is also one of the activi ties associated with Jewish Passover (Sper, 2003). In this regard, all the firstborns are supposed to participate in commemoration of the fact that they were rescued from the wrath of the angel of death. The fasting is conducted on the day before Passover and is only an obligation of those firstborn males of 13 years and above, which is the most agreed age of halakhic adulthood.

Jewish Holy Days Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Jewish Holy Days - Essay Example This is due to the fact that all non-Israelite firstborns were to be killed by an angel of death sent by God. However, in order for the spirit to distinguish in which houses to inflict death, all the Israelites were advised to slaughter a lamb and mark their doors with its blood such that the spirit would pass over their homes and go to those which were unmarked (Strassfeld, 2001). In this light, they were ordered to ensure that all the meat from the lamb was roasted and eaten without leaving any sign of it (August, 2000). While at it, they were to pack all their belongings i.e. the portable ones in readiness to embark on the exodus once the pharaoh had accepted to release them. The journey they were about to start was one which did give these people ample time to prepare as it was only in a one night notice and as such, most of the food especially bread was half or totally unleavened and they had to carry it in that state else risk starvation especially due to the fact that most of the terrain on their path was a desert. This was also informed by the fear that once their release was sanctioned, there was a possibility that pharaoh would change his mind and thus, they had to leave in a hurry and as quickly as possible. During the Passover night, the angel of death came as promised and killed all the firstborns in homes belonging to non-Israelites and in the aftermath, Pharaoh agreed to let the Israelites free but as they had anticipated, he changed his mind and sent soldiers to bring them back but by then, Moses and his people had already crossed the red sea (August, 2000). The Passover celebrations are conducted beginning on the 15th day on the month of Nissan, which coincides with the months of March or April on the Gregorian calendar, and runs for 7 to 8 days (Strassfeld, 2001). During this period, believers observe various norms and festivities, most of which are symbolic expressions of the Passover night at the time of exodus. For example, all the househol ds are required to dispose all the chametz in their belonging by way of destroying it completely, or giving it out to non Jews with the intention of reacquiring it after the festivities. Chametz refers to the food items which are mostly products of grain, and which have undergone fermentation. Prior to the commencement of the holy day, households usually embark on a cleanup exercise aimed at removing any traces of chametz, including any utensils that have been used to prepare it, after which thorough inspection is conducted. This in itself symbolizes the unleavened bread that the Israelites carried from Egypt and also the removal of arrogance in the souls of the believers. Instead of chametz, the Jews feast on Matzoh i.e. a mixture of flour and water cooked quickly before 18 minutes are over. This is due to the assumption that dough starts rising within 18 minutes if it is left uncooked thereby becoming chametz (Strassfeld, 2001). The fast of the firstborns is also one of the activi ties associated with Jewish Passover (Sper, 2003). In this regard, all the firstborns are supposed to participate in commemoration of the fact that they were rescued from the wrath of the angel of death. The fasting is conducted on the day before Passover and is only an obligation of those firstborn males of 13 years and above, which is the most agreed age of halakhic adulthood.